نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار، گروه علوم تربیّتی و مشاوره، دانشگاه پیامنور، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of sand play therapy in improving the academic morale of second-grade elementary students in Kerman.
Methods: This research was an applied study and employed a descriptive-survey method with a pre-test-post-test control group design. The study population included all second-grade female students in Kerman during the 2023–2024 academic year. Cluster sampling was employed to select the statistical sample. A total of 50 students were randomly chosen through multi-stage cluster sampling and assigned to either the experimental group (n = 25) or the control group (n = 25). The measuring tools included the step-by-step game therapy program developed by the researcher and a questionnaire on students' scientific attitudes. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, tables, and graphs) and inferential statistics through covariance analysis.
Findings: The results indicated a significant positive relationship between sand play therapy and students' academic morale. The analysis revealed a substantial effect size for each variable. Furthermore, in the regression model, an increase of 11.167 units in students' academic morale was observed with each additional unit of sand play therapy, demonstrating a positive and significant impact.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that sand play therapy enhances scientific morale by providing visual and verbal reinforcement, enabling students to form mental representations of concepts, objects, and attitudes. This process improves communication skills, fosters creativity, and strengthens critical thinking, self-confidence, perseverance, and collaboration. Additionally, sand play therapy helps transition students from objective thinking to imaginative exploration, enriching their emotional and cognitive development. Given its effectiveness, sand play therapy plays a crucial role in fostering a scientific mindset among elementary students.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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